Fig. 4

HFD altered mouse liver tissue weight, blood, gene expression, and liver Compartments. A The mice were exposed to an HFD for 112 d, and their weight gain reached a plateau without any further significant increase. This prolonged exposure to the HFD led to the development of an inflammatory physiological state in the mice, as evidenced by a significant increase in serum levels (B, C). D The HE staining demonstrated the accumulation of intracellular lipids, ballooning, and signs of inflammation. E The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the liver of mice exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD) compared to a normal diet. F The gene expression of the three types of mouse Compartments. The gene enrichment analysis was conducted to investigate the functional characteristics of the genes located in regions that undergo the transition from state B to state A (G) and from state A to state B (H)