Fig. 3

AFB1 inhibits the ileal FXR pathway in piglets by altering the ileal microbiota. A Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of β diversity. B ANOSIM based on Bray-Curtis distance (n = 6). C The relative abundance of Lactobacillus (n = 6). D Levels of secondary bile acid biosynthesis and EC 3.5.1.24 (KEGG, n = 6). E The ratio of g_Lactobacillus and other EC 3.5.1.24 positive genera among all ASVs, and their relative abundance in the ileal microbiota across all samples. F The copy number of total bacteria and Lactobacillus in ileal contents (n = 6). G BSH activity and the copy number of bsh gene in ileal contents (n = 6). H Protein expression of ileal FXR and SHP (n = 6). I Levels of FGF19 in the serum of piglets (n = 6). Statistical analysis: one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-test for the comparison of four groups (^****P < 0.0001; ^***P < 0.001; ^**P < 0.01; ^*P < 0.05)