Caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid mediate the ADPN-AMPK-PPARα pathway to improve fatty liver and production performance in laying hens

Tian, Wenjie; Gonzales, Gerard Bryan; Wang, Hao; Yang, Youyou; Tang, Chaohua; Zhao, Qingyu; Zhang, Junmin; Zhang, Huiyan; Qin, Yuchang

doi:10.1186/s40104-025-01175-z

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Table 4 Effect of the dietary CA and CGA on the egg quality

From: Caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid mediate the ADPN-AMPK-PPARα pathway to improve fatty liver and production performance in laying hens

Item	CON	CA25	CA50	CA100	CA200	P-value	CON	CQA100	CQA200	CQA400	P-value
Week 1
Shell strength, kg/m²	3.55 ± 0.12	3.43 ± 0.21	3.54 ± 0.14	3.50 ± 0.33	3.59 ± 0.18	0.563	3.55 ± 0.12	3.48 ± 0.45	3.50 ± 0.22	3.49 ± 0.39	0.421
Shell thickness, mm	0.45 ± 0.02	0.45 ± 0.01	0.52 ± 0.01	0.50 ± 0.01	0.44 ± 0.01	0.689	0.45 ± 0.02	0.43 ± 0.01	0.45 ± 0.01	0.42 ± 0.01	0.356
Albumen height, mm	5.61 ± 0.25^b	6.30 ± 0.20^a	6.34 ± 0.32^a	6.46 ± 0.17^a	6.47 ± 0.23^a	0.006	5.61 ± 0.25^c	6.87 ± 0.15^a	6.38 ± 0.15^b	6.12 ± 0.25^b	< 0.001
Haugh unit	73.46 ± 2.08^b	77.11 ± 1.67^a	77.46 ± 2.85^a	78.75 ± 1.49^a	78.44 ± 1.73^a	0.021	73.46 ± 2.08^b	80.64 ± 1.07^a	79.54 ± 1.38^a	75.77 ± 2.80^b	< 0.001
Yolk color	6.07 ± 0.31	5.87 ± 0.27	5.70 ± 0.29	5.87 ± 0.31	5.43 ± 0.26	0.545	6.07 ± 0.31	5.73 ± 0.28	5.93 ± 0.30	6.23 ± 0.29	0.647
L*	64.52 ± 0.51	64.11 ± 0.47	63.61 ± 0.48	63.79 ± 0.42	63.92 ± 0.76	0.777	64.52 ± 0.51	63.71 ± 0.47	63.58 ± 0.51	63.48 ± 0.46	0.393
a*	2.84 ± 0.21^a	2.46 ± 0.17^b	2.24 ± 0.19^b	2.33 ± 0.19^b	2.29 ± 0.19^b	0.042	2.84 ± 0.21^a	2.01 ± 0.15^c	2.38 ± 0.14^bc	2.71 ± 0.16^ab	< 0.001
b*	47.13 ± 0.55^a	46.05 ± 0.68^ab	43.60 ± 0.72^c	44.58 ± 0.77^bc	44.33 ± 0.90^bc	0.003	47.13 ± 0.55^a	43.75 ± 0.72^c	44.36 ± 0.89^bc	45.67 ± 0.54^ab	0.003
Week 6
Shell strength, kg/m²	3.52 ± 0.23	3.43 ± 0.15	3.52 ± 0.12	3.49 ± 0.13	3.56 ± 0.24	0.429	3.52 ± 0.23	3.47 ± 0.52	3.50 ± 0.13	3.50 ± 0.39	0.663
Shell thickness, mm	0.43 ± 0.01	0.44 ± 0.02	0.43 ± 0.01	0.43 ± 0.01	0.45 ± 0.02	0.567	0.43 ± 0.01	0.45 ± 0.01	0.42 ± 0.01	0.48 ± 0.01	0.456
Albumen height, mm	5.33 ± 0.40^b	6.39 ± 0.25^a	6.17 ± 0.35^a	6.21 ± 0.24^a	5.82 ± 0.21^ab	0.028	5.33 ± 0.40^b	6.25 ± 0.27^a	6.25 ± 0.29^a	5.80 ± 0.25^b	0.029
Haugh unit	73.39 ± 3.63^b	77.12 ± 2.30^ab	77.27 ± 2.21^ab	79.04 ± 1.96^a	74.78 ± 2.24^b	0.033	73.39 ± 3.63	75.43 ± 2.69	75.75 ± 2.54	74.16 ± 2.00	0.672
Yolk color	6.00 ± 0.34^a	4.58 ± 0.32^b	4.17 ± 0.14^b	4.13 ± 0.12^b	4.42 ± 0.20^b	< 0.001	6.00 ± 0.34^a	4.29 ± 0.11^b	4.38 ± 0.12^b	4.54 ± 0.11^b	< 0.001
L*	79.08 ± 0.49^a	79.47 ± 0.42^a	80.16 ± 0.31^a	79.38 ± 0.59^a	75.44 ± 0.56^b	< 0.001	78.71 ± 0.55	79.15. ± 0.46	77.83 ± 0.55	78.27 ± 0.34	0.208
a*	5.34 ± 0.75^a	4.04 ± 0.36^b	3.89 ± 0.40^b	3.91 ± 0.26^b	3.50 ± 0.27^b	< 0.001	5.34 ± 0.75^a	3.57 ± 0.24^b	3.49 ± 0.26^b	3.95 ± 0.26^b	< 0.001
b*	62.69 ± 1.18^a	63.15 ± 1.07^a	63.95 ± 0.95^a	62.43 ± 1.33^a	56.42 ± 0.89^b	< 0.001	62.69 ± 1.18	59.59 ± 0.65	60.09 ± 0.84	60.19 ± 0.70	0.060
Week 12
Shell strength, kg/m²	3.52 ± 0.26	3.40 ± 0.19	3.51 ± 0.19	3.49 ± 0.25	3.52 ± 0.14	0.657	3.52 ± 0.26	3.47 ± 0.43	3.49 ± 0.18	3.48 ± 0.61	0.684
Shell thickness, mm	0.43 ± 0.02	0.42 ± 0.01	0.44 ± 0.01	0.41 ± 0.02	0.46 ± 0.02	0.567	0.43 ± 0.02	0.43 ± 0.02	0.44 ± 0.01	0.48 ± 0.02	0.775
Albumen height, mm	5.88 ± 0.23^b	6.54 ± 0.23^a	6.04 ± 0.28^ab	6.23 ± 0.28^ab	6.24 ± 0.33^ab	0.206	5.88 ± 0.23	6.07 ± 0.29	6.26 ± 0.19	6.31 ± 0.34	0.406
Haugh unit	74.13 ± 1.80	77.25 ± 1.58	75.75 ± 2.80	76.06 ± 2.31	77.03 ± 2.85	0.508	74.13 ± 1.80	76.13 ± 2.68	77.15 ± 1.40	77.24 ± 2.72	0.350
Yolk color	6.08 ± 0.38	6.13 ± 0.29	6.21 ± 0.24	5.63 ± 0.34	5.50 ± 0.26	0.222	6.08 ± 0.38	5.67 ± 0.24	5.71 ± 0.20	5.79 ± 0.31	0.507
L*	65.67 ± 0.57	66.63 ± 0.40	64.77 ± 0.54	65.59 ± 0.69	65.99 ± 0.60	0.277	65.67 ± 0.57^bc	67.76 ± 0.41^a	66.13 ± 0.61^ab	64.16 ± 0.52^c	< 0.001
a*	2.10 ± 0.48^a	1.64 ± 0.18^ab	1.64 ± 0.19^ab	1.22 ± 0.14^ab	1.33 ± 0.21^b	0.018	2.10 ± 0.48	1.66 ± 0.22	1.21 ± 0.16	1.34 ± 0.24	0.140
b*	50.89 ± 1.26	51.46 ± 1.43	48.31 ± 1.01	49.47 ± 1.08	51.29 ± 1.12	0.217	50.89 ± 1.26^bc	54.82 ± 0.70^a	52.61 ± 0.89^ab	48.23 ± 1.15^c	< 0.001

L* = lightness; a* = redness; b* = yellowness. The assessment measures were conducted at weeks 1, 6 and 12. All data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 10)
^a−cMeans with different superscripts within the groups differ significantly (P < 0.05)

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ISSN: 2049-1891

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