Fig. 5

FPM triggered the NF-κB-pathway for inflammation response in HEK-Blue cells. (a) NF-κB activation in HEK-Blue Null2 cells with FPM treatment and TNF-α stress. (b) NF-κB activation in HEK-Blue hTLR4 cells with FPM treatment and TNF-α stress. (c) NF-κB activation in HEK-Blue hTLR4 cells with FPM treatment and LPS stress. Three independent experiments in triplicates (n = 9). ****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01 and ns P ≥ 0.05, compared to stress control (one-way ANOVA).