Fig. 1

Coumarin degradation by in vitro incubation of enriched rumen fungi and whole rumen microbiota with Melilotus officinalis as the substrate. Two treatments both lasted until the growth plateau (i.e., 96 h for enriched rumen fungi and 48 h for whole rumen microbiota). CD/DMD represents the ratio of coumarin degradation (CD) to dry matter degradation (DMD). Within each mL of initial culture medium, enriched rumen fungi contained and average of 10^7.05 anaerobic fungi, while the whole rumen microbiota contained an average of 10^7.17 anaerobic fungi and 10^10.87 bacteria