Fig. 4

Effects of usnic acid and tannic acid on ileal microorganisms in broilers with NE. A α diversity index; B Venn plot for species differences at the genus level; C PCoA plot; D Differences in β diversity; E AVD index of species stability; F Ileal microbial abundance at the order level; G LEfSe analysis of ileal microbes. P < 0.01 is marked as **, and P < 0.001 is marked as ***. PC: positive control group; SA: 500 mg/kg salinomycin group; UA: 300 mg/kg usnic acid group; UTA: 500 mg/kg tannic acid + 300 mg/kg usnic acid group. n = 5