Usnic acid and tannic acid as inhibitors of coccidia and Clostridium perfringens: alleviating necrotic enteritis and improving intestinal health in broiler chickens

Table 3 Effects of usnic acid and tannic acid on intestinal lesion scores in broilers with NE

Items	PC	SA	UA	UTA	P-value
21 d
Duodenum	0.84 ± 0.181	0.71 ± 0.246	0.33 ± 0.119	0.36 ± 0.019	0.106
Jejunum	0.97 ± 0.033	0.79 ± 0.257	0.48 ± 0.156	0.59 ± 0.127	0.201
Ileum	0.85 ± 0.092	0.71 ± 0.099	0.63 ± 0.175	0.51 ± 0.131	0.326
28 d
Duodenum	0.83 ± 0.370	0.05 ± 0.023	0.36 ± 0.091	0.35 ± 0.102	0.086
Jejunum	1.62 ± 0.255^a	0.80 ± 0.243^b	1.02 ± 0.242^ab	0.52 ± 0.161^b	0.023
Ileum	1.29 ± 0.245^a	0.53 ± 0.154^b	0.47 ± 0.031^b	0.39 ± 0.113^b	0.003
42 d
Duodenum	0.52 ± 0.082	0.48 ± 0.109	0.52 ± 0.116	0.54 ± 0.130	0.981
Jejunum	1.48 ± 0.275	0.89 ± 0.159	0.71 ± 0.169	0.82 ± 0.132	0.051
Ileum	1.15 ± 0.295	0.68 ± 0.145	0.60 ± 0.063	0.48 ± 0.073	0.064

Data are presented as the mean ± standard error. ^a,bDifferent letters indicate significant differences. PC: positive control group; SA: 500 mg/kg salinomycin group; UA: 300 mg/kg usnic acid group; UTA: 500 mg/kg tannic acid + 300 mg/kg usnic acid group. n = 5

ISSN: 2049-1891