Ingredient, % | Phase 1 Controla | Phase 2 Controla | Phase 3 Controla |
|---|
Corn | 41.78 | 47.96 | 61.82 |
Soybean meal | 20.00 | 26.00 | 25.00 |
Wheat middlings | 2.50 | 5.00 | 7.50 |
Fermented soybean mealb | 10.00 | 7.50 | - |
Lactose | 15.00 | 7.50 | - |
Fish meal | 5.00 | - | - |
Soybean oil | 2.18 | 2.18 | 2.00 |
Limestone | 0.80 | 1.00 | 0.94 |
Dicalcium phosphate | 0.70 | 0.90 | 0.87 |
L-Lys HCl | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.37 |
DL-Met | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.10 |
L-Thr | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.10 |
Titanium dioxide | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
Salt | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
Vitamin-mineral premixc | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
- aTwo additional diets were formulated by adding a 1% premix with xylanase or a 1% premix with stimbiotic (i.e., combination of xylanase and xylo-oligosaccharides) to the control diet in each phase
- The premix with xylanase contained 1.6 million BXU/kg of exogenous xylanase (0.1 kg xylanase concentrate containing 160 million BXU/kg was mixed with 9.9 kg of ground corn). The premix with stimbiotic contained 1.6 million BXU/kg of exogenous xylanase (0.1 kg xylanase plus xylo-oligosaccharides concentrate containing 160 million BXU/kg was mixed with 9.9 kg of ground corn). At 1% inclusion, the diet with xylanase and the diet with stimbiotic were expected to contain 16,000 BXU/kg of xylanase. BXU is the amount of enzyme that will release 0.06 micromoles of reducing sugars (xylose equivalents) from beechwood xylan per min at pH 5.3 and 50 °C
- bFermented soybean meal (Industrial De Oleaginosas Americanas S.A., Barranca, Costa Rica)
- cThe vitamin-micromineral premix provided the following quantities of vitamins and micro-minerals per kilogram of complete diet: vitamin A as retinyl acetate, 11,136 IU; vitamin D3 as cholecalciferol, 2,208 IU; vitamin E as DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 66 IU; vitamin K as menadione dimethylprimidinol bisulfite, 1.42 mg; thiamin as thiamine mononitrate, 0.24 mg; riboflavin, 6.59 mg; pyridoxine as pyridoxine hydrochloride, 0.24 mg; vitamin B12, 0.03 mg; D-pantothenic acid as D-calcium pantothenate, 23.5 mg; niacin, 44.1 mg; folic acid, 1.59 mg; biotin, 0.44 mg; Cu, 20 mg as copper chloride; Fe, 126 mg as ferrous sulfate; I, 1.26 mg as ethylenediamine dihydriodide; Mn, 60.2 mg as manganese hydroxychloride; Se, 0.3 mg as sodium selenite and selenium yeast; and Zn, 125.1 mg as zinc hydroxychloride
